Includes bibliographical references.

Annotation. Clashes and conflicts between fathers and sons are a story as old as humanity itself. Russian novelist Ivan Turgenev uses the turbulence of familial relations as a symbolic lens through which to explore the changing of the ideological guard in his native country. Turgenev's best-known work, Fathers and Sons is widely regarded as the first Russian novel to gain prominence and critical acclaim in Western literary circles. As Arkady Kirsanov returns home after graduation, his father waits patiently for him'excited to see his much-loved son once again. But in returning home to a world that has remained static, Arkady and his friend Bazarov, a self-defined nihilist, find themselves wholly changed, and must now redefine old relationships'both their friendship with one another and their relationships with their fathers'from new perspectives. Ivan Turgenev's brilliant novel explores generational differences and their tragic consequences. The classic saga Fathers and Sons reveals the inescapable influence that fathers and sons have on each other's lives, and provides a realistic portrayal of the struggles of families and their ideologies in the face of social upheaval. Fathers and Sons is often regarded as the first modern novel in Russian literature, and has been adapted for the stage as Nothing Sacred, which was later made into a movie. HarperPerennial Classics brings great works of literature to life in digital format, upholding the highest standards in ebook production and celebrating reading in all its forms. Look for more titles in the HarperPerennial Classics collection to build your digital library.