Exit, voice, and loyalty responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states
- Cambridge : Harward University press, 1972
- x, 162 p. ; 21 cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
An innovator in contemporary thought on economic and political development looks here at decline rather than growth. Albert O. Hirschman makes a basic distinction between alternative ways of reacting to deterioration in business firms and, in general, to dissatisfaction with organizations: one-exit-is for the member to quit the organization or for the customer to switch to the competing product, and the other-voice-is for members or customers to agitate and exert influence for change "from within."--Publisher description.
9780674276604
special difficulty in combining exit and voice How monopoly can be comforted by competition theory of loyalty